| CHAPTER
5:
Volumes and Their Significance
Page 1
AS the whole object of these studies is to learn to read
what the tape says, I will now explain a point which should
be known and understood before we proceed, otherwise the
explanations cannot be made clear.
First of all, we must recognize that the market for any
stock - at whatever level it may be - is composed of two
sides, represented by the bid and the asking price. Remember
that the "last sale" is something entirely different from
the "market price." If Steel has just sold at 50, this
figure represents what has happened. It's history. The
market price of Steel is either 49 1/8@50 or 50@50 1/8. The
bid and asked prices combined form the market price. This
market price is like a pair of scales, and the volume of
stock thrown out by sellers and reached for by purchasers,
shows toward which side the preponderance of weight has
momentarily shifted. For example, when the tape shows the
market price is 50 1/8, and the large volumes are on the up
side.
US
500 @ 50
1000 @ 50 1/8
200 @ 50
1500 @ 50 1/8
(Continued after the box of related
articles.)
In these four transactions there are 700 shares sold at 50
versus 2500 bought at 50 1/8, proving that at the moment the
buying is more effective than the selling. The deduction to
be made from this is that Steel will probably sell at 50 1/4
before 49 7/8. There is no certainty, because supply and
demand is changing with every second, not only in Steel but
in every other stock on the list.
Here is one advantage in trading only the leaders: The
influence of demand or pressure is first evidenced in the
principal stocks. The hand of the dominant power, whether it
be an insider, an outside manipulator or the public, is
shown in these volumes. The reason is simple. The big
fellows cannot put their stocks up or down without trading
in large amounts. In an advancing market they are obliged to
reach up for or bid up their stocks, as, for example:
US
1000 @ 182 1/8
200 @182
1500 @ 182 1/8
200 @ 182 1/4
3500 @ 182 3/8
2000 @ 182 1/2
Take some opening trades and subsequent transactions like
the following:
200... 47 1/4
100... 45 7/8
100... 45 7/8
1900... 46 3/4
100... 46 1/8
100... 46
100... 46 5/8
100... 46
600... 45 7/8
100... 46 1/2
200... 46 1/4
500... 45 3/4
100... 46 3/8
100... 46 3/8
200... 45 5/8
600... 46 1/4
11 A. M.
100... 45 1/2
100... 46 1/8
300... 46 3/8
100... 45 5/8
600... 46
100... 46 1/8
400... 45 7/8
100... 45 7/8
100... 46
100... 45 3/4
200... 45 3/4
100... 45 7/8
400... 45 5/8
100... 46
100... 46
100... 45 3/4
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